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This is a list of universities in Scotland. There are fifteen universities in Scotland〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Briefing )〕 and three other institutions of higher education which have the authority to award academic degrees. The first university in Scotland was St John's College, St Andrews, founded in 1418.〔P. Daileader, "Local experiences of the Great Western Schism", in J. Rollo-Koster and T. M. Izbicki, eds, ''A Companion to the Great Western Schism (1378–1417)'' (BRILL, 2009), ISBN 9004162771, p. 119.〕 St Salvator's College was added to St. Andrews in 1450. The other great bishoprics followed, with the University of Glasgow being founded in 1451 and King's College, Aberdeen in 1495.〔J. Durkan, "Universities: to 1720", in M. Lynch, ed., The Oxford Companion to Scottish History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), ISBN 0-19-211696-7, pp. 610–12.〕 St Leonard's College was founded in Aberdeen in 1511 and St John's College was re-founded in 1538 as St Mary's College, St Andrews.〔J. E. A. Dawson, ''Scotland Re-Formed, 1488-1587'' (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007), ISBN 0748614559, p. 187.〕 Public lectures that were established in Edinburgh in the 1540s would eventually become the University of Edinburgh in 1582.〔A. Thomas, "The Renaissance", in T. M. Devine and J. Wormald, ''The Oxford Handbook of Modern Scottish History'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), ISBN 0-19-162433-0, pp. 196–7.〕 In 1641, the two colleges at Aberdeen were united by decree of Charles I (r. 1625-49), to form the "King Charles University of Aberdeen".〔D. Ditchburn, “Educating the Elite: Aberdeen and Its Universities”, in E. P. Dennison, D. Ditchburn and M. Lynch, eds, ''Aberdeen Before 1800: A New History'' (Dundurn, 2002), ISBN 1862321140, p. 332.〕 They were demerged after the Restoration in 1661.〔 In 1747 St Leonard's College in St Andrews was merged into St Salvator's College to form the United College of St Salvator and St Leonard.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Mediaeval University )〕 A new college of St Andrews was opened in Dundee in 1883.〔R. D. Anderson, "Universities: 2. 1720–1960", in M. Lynch, ed., ''The Oxford Companion to Scottish History'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), ISBN 0-19-211696-7, pp. 612-14.〕 The two colleges at Aberdeen were considered too small to be viable and they were restructured as the University of Aberdeen in 1860. Marischal College was rebuilt in the Gothic style from 1900.〔 The University of Edinburgh was taken out of the care of the city and established on a similar basis to the other ancient universities.〔O. Checkland and S. G. Checkland, ''Industry and Ethos: Scotland, 1832–1914'' (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1989), ISBN 0748601023, pp. 147-50.〕 After the Robbins Report of 1963 there was a rapid expansion in higher education in Scotland. By the end of the decade the number of Scottish Universities had doubled. New universities included the University of Dundee, Strathclyde, Heriot-Watt, Stirling. From the 1970s the government preferred to expand higher education in the non-university sector and by the late 1980s roughly half of students in higher education were in colleges. In 1992, the distinction between universities and colleges was removed.〔L. Paterson, "Universities: 3. post-Robbins", in M. Lynch, ed., ''The Oxford Companion to Scottish History'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), ISBN 0-19-211696-7, pp. 614-5.〕 This created new universities at Abertay, Glasgow Caledonian, Napier, Paisley and Robert Gordon.〔R. Shaw, "Institutional and curricular structures in the universities of Scotland" in T. G. K. Bryce and W. M. Humes, eds, ''Scottish Education: Post-Devolution'' (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2nd edn., 2003), ISBN 0-7486-1625-X, pp. 664-5.〕 in 2001 the University of the Highlands and Islands was created by a federation of 13 colleges and research institutions in the Highlands and Islands and gained full university status in 2011.〔 ==See also== *Universities Scotland *Education in Scotland *Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland *List of further education colleges in Scotland 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of universities in Scotland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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